Approaches to biomedical knowledge

Session #14: Applications of LLMs in Medicine

Peter N Robinson

Free University Berlin

2026-04-26

Overview

Review

  • Today, we will wrap up the course by providing an overview of several important biomedical applications of LLMs and ontologies
  • We will wrap up with a Q&A session

History of LLMs

2018
2017 All you need is attention (transformer)
GPT1, BERT
2019 GPT2, scaling laws
2020 GPT3, one-shot learning
2021 Stochastic parrots debate
2022 ChatGPT (reinforcement learning)
2023 GPT4, frontier scale models
2024 GPT o1, reasoning models
2025 03, Claude code, agentic AI
2026 Impact of agents
2027 Judgment Day?

(Short lecture followed by review period)